JPEG image compression standard

The name JPEG comes from the name of the expert group (Joint Picture Expert Group) that was responsible for preparation of the standard.

It is standard of ITU, ISO and IEC. Within ISO (International Organization for Standardization) its official name is: ISO/IEC IS 10918, Information technology - digital compression and coding of continuous-tone still images.

It consists of three parts:

• ISO/IEC IS 10918-1 / ITU-T Rec. T.81, Information technology - digital compression and coding of continuous-tone still images: requirements and guideline.
• ISO/IEC IS 10918-2 / ITU-T Rec. T.83, Information technology - digital compression and coding of continuous-tone still images: compliance testing.
• ISO/IEC DIS 10918-3 / ITU-T Rec. T.84, Information technology - digital compression and coding of continuous-tone still images: extensions.

Basic modes of operation:

• Sequential DCT
• Progressive
• Lossless
• Hierarchical